Improvement in combined latches and locks



FZEE"S NEW MQ/EE MDCK E Patented Dec. 12, 1871.v

-FQLL 51255..;

UNITED STATES PATENT CEEIGE.

VITRUVIUS FRAZEE, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND WILLIAM L. BOVYER, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN COMBINED LATCHES AND LOCKS.

Specification forming partof Letters Patent No. 121,769, dated December 12, 1871.

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VITEUvrUs FRAZEE, of the city and county of San Francisco, State of California, have invented certain Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to the combination in a lock of a key or keys, with a dividing plate or Without a dividing plate, (when used for banksafes or inside doors,) in connection with a lever, slide-bolt, and ordinary connection, said lever having a pin in its upper end which moves within a certain curve formed in sliding` tumblers so that the lock is fastened or unfastened by the proper movement of this pin Within this curve when directed by the right key; but a total disarrangement of these tumblers is made the consequence ofthe insertion of the Wron g key the bit of which has the slightest deviaton from the true curve, and a corresponding stoppage from releasing the latch or dead-bolt.

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a front-door morti se lock, with cover removed, embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of an indoor mortise-lock, cover removed. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section of Fig. 1 through the line A B. Fig. 4 is the key that maybe used on opposite sides of the lock, shown in Fig. 1. Figs. 5 and 6 are the plan and end elevation, respectively, of the top sliding tumbler. Figs. 7 and 8 are the plan and end elevation, respectively, of the stationary plate for separating the top and bottom sliding tumblers. Figs. 9 and l() are the plan and end views, respectively, of the bottom sliding tumbler. Figs. 11 and 12 are the plan and end elevation, respectively, of the dividing plate. Fig. 13 is the key for the in-door lock, Fig. 2. Fig. 14 is an edge elevation of the lever for the lock shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 15 is an edge elevation of the lever for the lock shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 16 is an edge elevation of the slide for lock shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 17 is an edge elevation of the slide for lock shown in Fig. 2.

rlhe various parts of the locks are made of iron or brass after the usual manner adopted in the manufacture of such articles, and may be separately described as follows: J represents the key used on the inside or outside of a front-door mortiselock, as shown in Fig. 3. J is the key for the lock used for bank-safes or inside doors, as shown in Fig. 2. C is the casing of the mortise front-door lock shown in Fig. l. C is the casing of the in-door mortise-lock shown in Fig. 2. e e are the slides for the front-door and indoor locks, respectively. d d are the levers for the front and in-door locks, respectively', having pins p and p in their upper ends and pivoted at r and 1" to the slides e and 6. a and c in both locks represent the tumblers, which are actuated by the pins p and p of the levers d and d. b is the stationary separating plate between the tumblers a and c. j' is the dividing plate between the key-holes. n shows in dotted circle the position of the door-knobs. K is the spring that actuates the bolt R- and slide e or e. s is the spring working on the lever d or d. l m is the thumb-knob for lock,.shown in Fig. 1, with nightlatch attachment. P and P are the key-holes. O is the stop to prevent further turning of the key J. z is the projection on the slide e or e', which enters the gatings made for it in the tumblers a and c. lc 7c are the angular teeth on the projectionzof the slidee or c', which en gage in the angular cuts 7c 7c', either to the right or left, when an improper key is used. x w are the curved sides of slots cut in the upper edge of the tuinblers a and c. t t are the curved portions, alike on both sides, of the bits of the keys J and J rlhe operation of the lock is as follows: Io unfasten the lock, the key J, being turned in the usual manner, raises the slide e and lever d, d being in connection with c by thepivot r, and as they are raised the point lt of lever d follows the shape of the key-bit, against which it is pressed by means of the small spring s which is attached to the slide c, the result of the two movements being transmitted to the pin p at the upper end ofthe lever d, thus guiding the pin p through the curved slot, one side, x, of which is formed in the tumbler a and the other side a" is formed in the tumbler c. The pin p passes exactly through this curved slot, the slide e passes up, andthe projection z enters the gatin gs in t-'he lower parts of a, b, and c, as shown in Fig. 2. The latch may now be withdrawn, as is shown in that figure. The pin p of the lever d or d', by the pressure of the small spring s, having engaged with the upper edge of the tumbler a, thus retains c or c in an unlocked position. The lock remains unfastened until the key is turned the other way, when the action described above is reversed and the lock becomes fastened. By any movement, in endeavoring to unfasten the lock, different from that provided h v the proper key. the tunililvrs f1 und (',onv or hoth. hvvoniv disnrrnng'vd. :isthv pin p in this ense trnvels u diii'erent vurvv. Un one side ofthe slot. in u, the ti'ue curve .1' is preserved, but on the other it is widened out. lt' the pin p presses :iguinst thv side .1' thv tuinhlvr is inovvd to one side und will renniin there until the lever (I t'zills, when it isngnin hrought in plnvv. lli the tuinhler e the ti'ue eurve .1/ is vut on thv rvvvrsv Side oi' thntot' 11. ln the neetnnpunyingdrnwing the true curve ot' 11 is shown on the right side und that ofeon the lvt, the platte/1 hving invrvly :t stationary sepnruting plnte to prevent 1 or v front nioving' eueh othei' h v t'rietion. The pnrts d, I), und e :tre guided zuid supported hy the projections on the loeleense, whieh tit ensily into the slots eut ilito the ends ot' 11, l1. :uid v. ln the event of :iny tunipering with the lovk the guting's in the tuinhlers (l :1nd e will he niovvd out ot' linv with the projection in whieh ".ise the teeth 1./ on one 0r hoth tuinhlvrs will engngv with thv tooth l; on thus stopping' tiny turthvr inovvnient ot' thv key, :1nd consequently preventing the loek t'roni living' unloeked. ()n nevount ot'thv sliding' tuinhlvrs u und c being luid in their pluvvs quite loosely it is necessury thut their linv ot" truversv should hv horizontnl o1' neurly so. so ns to insure pvri'eet action; otherwise, in the proevss ot' unlocking. they would hv linhle to slide und prvvvnt thv un fastening ot the loek. In Fig. L the dividing plute is dispensed with :ind the lntvh und yoke nre nnide in one pieve: eonsvtpiently the door cunnot hv closed, :is in Fig. l. when thv lock is fastened; hut it niny he lovkvd or unlovked in the usunl nninnvr troni thv inner or outer side.

und renniin either wuy. with thv key in or out: und us there is no dividing plnte thv key enters the euse ns in ordinnry loeks. 'lhv ports u :1nd (f, although pert'orniing thv suine ot'livvs :is l und v. ure soniewhnt chui-ged in shnpv :1nd siniplilivd on account ot' thv reniovnl otthv dividing plnte the sliding tuinhlers 1 und v und plntv /1 hving Suhstuntinhy thv sinne. The hits ot' thvsv keys should he i'ornvd with hoth sidvs;1likv,:1nd with curved sides t t thut nniy he eusily t'ollowvd hy 5 thv point l1 on l or r1', und should he nuide helore thv cutting ot' the eurves .11 und .1 in u und e, so that h v ziny :ulequute eontrimnee, suvh 11s hy svrntvhingl with n point; txed in the place ot' the pin p, thv vurve niny he marked hy the key in its rvgulnr inovvineiit. At'tcr hnving unl'nstened the lovk shown in Fig. 1 troin the outside the knol) (shown in dotted circle 11) nniy he turned und the door opened; hut in tuking'out the key (t'roni the outside only) the lock ugnin becomes fastened und th.,l doni' nniy he closed and left secured, the spring-lutvh :u'ting :1s in other locks. The key t'roin the outside is prevented troni lnnking :i coniplete eireuit hy nieuns ot' the projection o on thv dividing plntef, thus nnlking it necessary to tui'n the key hnvk und fristen the loek hei'ore it. enn he tuken out. ()n the inside, however, the loek nniy he t'ustened 0r uni'nstvned und rcinnin with the key either in or out. By this ineuns u person hnving :i proper key niny enter l'roin the outside when the door is locked und the key left in the lock inside, und nt the suine time the plnte fprvvents uny etl'ective tzunpering with the key within hy hurg'lurs, such :is hy turning.;` it with pinvhers or other instruments. lt is further i11- tendvd thut the i'ront-loor look shall in itself :inswvr nll the purposes ot' the usual t'ro11t-door lovk with night-hitch zittuchnient.

l vluini :is niy inventionl. The tuinhivrs u und c provided with the, eui'ves .1' und .1', in conihinution with the pin); :ind lever l or d', suhstuntinlly us und t'or the pui'pose hereinhvt'ore set` forth.

L. The slide e :uid lever rl pivoted thereto, in voinhnintion with thetunihlersnundeund curves .1' :1nd .1, snhstzintinlly us und for the purpose hereinhvl'ore svt t'orth.

.'5. 'l`hv lever Il und tuinhlers a und c, in conihinution with the slide e, holt 1t, und eurved portions t t ot' thv key, substantially us und t'or the purpose hereinhvt'ore set forth.

VITRUVIUS FRAZEE.

\\'itnesses:

LioNL YARICAS, FRANK V. SCUDDER. 

